Yellow land tourism

Loess landform is developed in loess stratum (including loess-like soil), and China is the earliest country to study loess landform in the world. The following is the content of loess landform tourist attractions, welcome to read!

I Luochuan Loess National Geopark

Shaanxi Luochuan Loess National Geopark Luochuan Loess Park is a typical geological park for studying Quaternary geological events in Chinese mainland and even Eurasia, which features loess profile and loess geological landscape.

Shaanxi Luochuan Loess National Geopark is located in Luochuan County, south of Yan 'an City, Shaanxi Province, with a total area of 5.9 square kilometers. Luochuan County is 135 kilometers away from Yan 'an, the revolutionary holy land, and has a good tourist environment around it.

Loess landscape was formed under the long-term geological erosion. Loess is a soil-like accumulation with uniform grayish yellow texture, and a large area of loess is a accumulation of dust and sand formed in Quaternary. Luochuan area is a large area of loess platform, that is, loess plateau. After the long-term erosion and division of flowing water, the loess tableland formed a landscape with thousands of valleys and broken valleys, accompanied by various landforms such as landslides, collapses and sedimentation, and finally formed the loess landscape.

Heimugou loess section is a comprehensive product of various geological processes in geological history, and it is a true portrayal of tectonic movement and geomorphological evolution since more than 2 million years. In each period, the loess outcrops are complete and the horizon is stable, which truly records the paleoclimate, paleoenvironment, paleogeography, paleovegetation and important geological events since the Quaternary, and can be used as a standard loess stratum profile to compare with the loess stratum on the loess plateau. Heimugou loess is clearly exposed, the stratum is continuous and complete, the paleosol layer is clear and comparable, the valley depth is 80 to 100 meters, and the valley slope is steep, which is eroded by precipitation and surface water, forming a unique and strange loess karst landform with high academic value.

Second, the Loess Plateau

The Loess Plateau, located in the north-central part of China, is one of the four plateaus in China, one of the cradles of ancient Chinese civilization, and the most concentrated and largest loess area on the earth, with a total area of 640,000 square kilometers, spanning most or part of seven provinces and regions in China, including Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi and Henan. It is mainly composed of Shanxi Plateau, Shaanxi-Gansu-Shanxi Plateau, Longzhong Plateau and Ordos.

The Loess Plateau is more than 1,000 kilometers long from east to west and 750 kilometers wide from north to south, including the vast areas west of Taihang Mountain in China, east of Sun Moon Mountain in Qinghai Province, north of Qinling Mountain and south of the Great Wall. It is located on the second step of China, with an altitude of 800 ~ 3,000 meters. The Loess Plateau belongs to the arid continental monsoon climate zone, and the geotectonic units mainly include the Longdong Platform in northern Shaanxi, the Hualixi Fold Belt, the Pacific Yanshan Fold Belt, the Longxi Block, the Zhongtiaoshan Block, the Luliangshan Block and the downstream subsidence belt of Fenwei, etc., and the Qinling Axis and the Ordos Platform are the two major boundaries between the north and the south. [2-3]

The Loess Plateau is one of the regions with the most serious soil erosion and the most fragile ecological environment in the world. Its terrain inclines from northwest to southeast. Except for many rocky mountains, most of them are covered with thick loess. After long-term strong erosion by running water, it gradually forms a special natural landscape with thousands of valleys and broken terrain. The landform fluctuates greatly, with mountains, hills, plains and wide valleys coexisting, surrounded by mountains. [2]

The Loess Plateau is an important energy and chemical base in China. Loess has fine particles, soft soil and rich mineral nutrients, which is beneficial to farming. Basin and valley farming has a long history. Except for a few rocky mountains, the thickness of loess is between 50 and 80 meters, and the maximum thickness is 150 to 180 meters. On the Loess Plateau, the unique culture of the Yellow Land has been bred, resulting in the folk houses represented by "caves" and folk literature and art represented by Xintianyou and Ansai waist drum.

The tourism characteristics of the Loess Plateau are mainly manifested in its unique landscape, profound historical and cultural heritage, rich folk activities and ecological environment experience.

First of all, the Loess Plateau attracts tourists with its distinctive landforms. The vast yellow land, criss-crossing gullies and undulating tablelands here together form a spectacular natural picture. Especially after the rainy season, the gullies on the Loess Plateau are more profound, and the loess cliffs shine with golden light in the sun, which brings strong visual impact to tourists. In addition, caves on the Loess Plateau are also a major feature. This ancient way of living embodies the harmonious coexistence between man and nature.

Secondly, the Loess Plateau bears profound history and culture. It is one of the cradles of Chinese civilization, with many historical sites and cultural sites. For example, the Mausoleum of the First Qin Dynasty and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Shaanxi show the brilliance and powerful military power of the Qin Dynasty; The ancient city of Pingyao, Shanxi Province, has well-preserved ancient city walls and streets, making tourists seem to travel back to ancient times. These historical and cultural heritages not only witnessed the long history of the Loess Plateau, but also provided rich cultural experiences for tourists.

Furthermore, the folk activities in the Loess Plateau are rich and colorful. Folk arts, traditional handicrafts and festivals here are all unique. For example, folk art performances such as Ansai waist drum in northern Shaanxi and Shanxi Jin opera show the enthusiasm and talent of the people on the Loess Plateau. At the same time, tourists can also participate in making traditional handicrafts such as paper-cutting and clay sculpture, and feel the wisdom and creativity of local people. During festivals, such as Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, temple fairs, social fires and other activities on the Loess Plateau are very lively, allowing visitors to deeply experience the local folk customs.

Finally, the ecological environment of the Loess Plateau also provides a unique experience for tourists. The climatic conditions, vegetation distribution and wildlife resources here have distinct regional characteristics. Visitors can carry out ecological exploration, hiking and other activities here, get close to nature and feel the charm of nature. At the same time, tourism projects such as farmhouse music on the Loess Plateau also give tourists the opportunity to experience farming culture, taste authentic farmhouse food and feel the tranquility and comfort of rural life.